To Tell or Not to Tell: The Influence of Disclosure on the Psychological Impact of Oocyte Donation
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Carissa Huber
College:
The College of Health Professions and Human Services
Major:
Genetic Counseling
Faculty Research Advisor(s):
Jill Fischer
Abstract:
Oocyte donors are individuals who give their oocytes to a recipient individual or couple for embryo creation and pregnancy. Oocyte donation may cause lasting positive or negative psychological effects for the oocyte donor, however there is limited and conflicting research on the long-term impact of oocyte donation. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of oocyte donors and investigate the influence of disclosure on the psychological impact of oocyte donation. Research participants were recruited from two Facebook groups: We Are Egg Donors and Former Egg Donor Support. Nine oocyte donors participated in semi-structured interviews via the Zoom online communication platform. Interview transcripts were coded and the principal investigator analyzed the data using content analysis and thematic analysis. Thematic analysis revealed four main themes regarding the psychological effect of oocyte donation: 1) positive psychological effects, 2) negative psychological effects, 3) neutral psychological effects, 4) ethical concerns. All nine participants disclosed their donation experience to individuals in their lives. Four main themes regarding the participants' disclosure decisions and support emerged: 1) positive reaction from others, 2) disclosure increased strength of support system, 3) strong support increased positive emotions, 4) social media support. Participants recommended that healthcare providers treat donors with more respect and kindness. Overwhelmingly, participants did not feel that they were the real patient and their well-being was not a priority. Four participants (44.44%) met with a genetic counselor during their donation and found it valuable to have someone explain their genetic results and check in on how they were doing. Oocyte donors should be informed of the potential positive and negative effects of oocyte donation and that strong support systems may lead to more positive psychological effects. Results from this exploratory study can guide future research on what factors impact the psychological effects of oocyte donation.